A Survey of Anyang The Historical Culture Economic Construction

I. A Survey of Anyang

Being situated in the northernmost part of Henan Provinces, Anyang is at the convergence of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan Provinces with the geographical coordinates of 113°37’ --- 114°58’E and 35°12’ --- 36°22’N. She lies to the west of the Taihang Mountains and connects with the Northern China Plane in the east with the Huanhe River originating in the eastern foot of the Taihang Mountains and passing through the city proper. Anyang has a continental monsoon climate of the northern temperate zone. It has four seasons, adequate sunlight, concentrated rain and pleasant weather. Its annual average temperature is 14.1°C and annual average rainfall is 556.8mm.

There are five counties (city) and four districts under the administration of Anyang, that is: Anyang County, Linzhou City, Tangyin, Neihuang and Huaxian Counties, and the Districts of Wenfeng, Beiguan, Yindu and Long’an, in addition, there is a high-tech industrial development zone of the provincial level. It covers a total area of 7,413km2 with a total population of over 5.2 million, among which the city proper covers an area of 543.6km2 with a total population of over 1 million. There are 43 nationalities in the whole city, such as the Han, Hui, Mongol, Manchu, Zhuang, Miao, Tibetan, Korea, Tujia and so on.

Being one of the seven ancient capital cities of China and a national famous city of historic culture, Anyang is the native place of the oracle bone inscriptions and birthplace of “The Book of Changes”(or I/Yi-Ching), and is one of the political, economic and cultural centers of the Chinese civilization in its early period. The King Pangeng of the Shang Dynasty removed his capital to Yin (the area around Xiaotun Village of Yindu District of Anyang City at present) in 1300B.C.. The dynasty lasted 255 year with 12 kings in 8 generations here. Anyang has been a remarkable place producing outstanding people with persons of unusual abilities and abnormal affairs emerging in an endless stream, such as: the King Pengeng removed his capital to Yin, the resurgence by the King Wuding of the Shang Dynasty, Fu Yue was appointed as the prime minister, the woman general Fu Hao submitted requests for military assignments, the King Wen deduced I/Yi-Ching during his captivity, the King Wu sent a punitive expedition against the King Zhou and destroyed the Shang Dynasty, Ximen Bao threw the witches into the river and governed the place of Ye, Lin Xiangru was born in the village where was called Ancient Minister Village later, Mr. Xinling stole the military tally and saved the State of Zhao, the assassin lay in ambush in Fudao and killed Bian Que, Xiang Yu brok the cauldrons and sank the boats, Cao Cao rose to power and position in Yecheng, the insurrectionary army stationed powerfully in Wagangzhai Stronghold, Ouyang Xiu composed the rhyme prose in Qiusheng Building, Han Qi who served as the Prime Minister for three emperors governed Xiangzhou Prefecture, the national hero Yue Fei devoted himself to the country, Yuan Shikai lived in seclusion in Huanshang Village to peep at the whole situation an so on.

Anyang was the birthplace of the Spirit of the Red Flag Canal. Being over 1,500km long and being called the Eighth Miracle of the world, the man-made Milky Way --- Red Flag Canal has been a milestone and an important symbol of “self-reliance, doing pioneering work through arduous effort, unity and cooperation and selfless contributions” of our industrious and brave people.

Being rich in natural resources and the industrial base of the Central Plains area, Anyang has convenient transportations. Property-reorganized State enterprises, rapidly developed joint ventures, private enterprises and village and township enterprises have constituted the completely new industrial aspect which optimizes the industrial structures and adapts to the market-oriented economy. The rapid development of the third industry has brought tremendous business chances and ushered in guests from all directions. Anyang has usually the good reputation of “the granary of the Northern Part of Henan Province”, it abounds in grains, cotton, oil materials and other crops. Forestry and fruit industry and high-tech agriculture developed rapidly in recent years have given wings to the agricultural industrialization for its rapid advance.

The special geographical position, the superiority of the rich resources, the honest, warmhearted and hospitable local conditions and customs, good environment of investment, optimized economic structures, the service-type trustworthy government of Anyang has made her a bridge and link between the advanced areas of the eastern part of our country and the western developing areas, and has provided a vast space for the rapid advance of Anyang’s economy. A regional key city of a new type in the Northern Part of Henan Province will be realized here……

II. The Historical Culture

Anyang has abundant inside information of the historical culture. The discovery and excavation of Yinxu, which was the site of the capital city of the late period of the Shang Dynasty, occupied the first place in choosing through public appraisal “100 significant archaeological discoveries in the 20th century of China”, and “Yinxu” has been listed into the reserved names of the World Cultural Heritages as well. Situated in Yindu District of Anyang City and across the south and north banks of the Huanhe River, the Palace Site of the Shang Dynasty was the very place of the capital city of the late period (about 1300B.C. --- 1046B.C.) of the Shang Dynasty of China, which lasted 255 years with twelve kings in eight generations, covering a history of over 3,300 years up to now. It has been the earliest ancient capital city of China in the Chinese history verifiable by the documents and proved by the oracle bone inscriptions and the archaeological excavations. The culture of the Shang Dynasty represented by the oracle bone inscriptions, the bronzes and the I/Yi-Ching has concentratedly embodied the magnificence and brilliance of the Chinese ancient civilization.

Anyang boasts not only numerous cultures of the Shang Dynasty, but also a lot of humanistic sceneries familiar to the people, such as: the Primitive Men Cave dating back to 25 thousand years, the ancient townlet of Youli where I/Yi-Ching came into being, the native place of Yue Fei who devoted himself to the country (the above-mentioned sceneries are all under state protection), the Mausoleums of the two emperors Zhuan Xu and Di Ku in Chinese ancient times, the culture of Yecheng with Jian’an Vigor of Style, the ancient river beds remained by Ximen Bao when he governed Yecheng and so on. Now, there are 8 important historical relics under state protection and 38 under provincial protection. The age-old historic sceneries and the rich inside information of the culture occupy extremely important places in the history of the Chinese civilization and even in the history of the world civilization.

20km north of Anyang City proper, it was Yecheng built by Cao Cao in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After Cao Cao underwent military training of his army, he got together a group of scholars and literary men as the Seven Masters of Jian’an and so on to recite poems and compose rhyme prose together, so created the famous Yecheng Culture, which has been called Jian’an Culture. There were six dynasties as the Cao Wei, the Later Zhao, the Ran Wei, the Former Yan, the Eastern Wei and the Northern Qi established their capitals here successively and lasted 126 years.

The senior minister Yuan Shikai of the last years of the Qing Dynasty lived in seclusion in Huanshang Village of Anyang and then staged a comeback at last. After his death, he was buried here and left an emperor’s mausoleum of a good combination of Chinese and Western elements in Anyang --- Yuan Forest.

III. Economic Construction

In the process of the reform and opening to the outside world of the recent years and according to the laws of market-oriented economy, Anyang City quickened the steps of economic construction starting with enlarging the frame of the city by applying the theory and concept of managing a city and adopting the measures of introducing competitive mechanisms, and has made various undertakings developed considerably. The rate of increase of GDP has reached 11.4%. Being an important industrial city of Henan Province, Anyang has initially formed the industrial systems of metallurgy, electronics, chemistry, power, machine building, textile, pharmaceutical, tobacco and so on. Anyang Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd and Anyang Color Picture Tube Glass Bulb Group Co. Ltd have been listed in the 500 biggest industrial enterprises of the whole country and become the market companies. The Color Picture Tube Glass Bulb Group Co. Ltd is the biggest production base of color picture tube glass bulbs of our country and is among the first class of the world.

In the aspect of agricultural and side-line products, Anyang chiefly produces wheat, cotton, corn, soy beans and so on, among which the high-quality special-purpose wheat produced in Huanxian County (the “granary” of Henan Province”, the ecological agriculture of the Chinese dates home Neihuang County, the special local products in the mountainous areas of Linzhou City, the unpolluted and high-quality food grains other than wheat and rice of Tangyin County, sesame oil of Anyang County and so on have enjoyed great prestige in the whole country.

The third industry of Anyang has tremendous potentiality and has a good developing tendency, which has provided for the citizens more chances of employment and developing tourism, making trades and exchanges of products in Anyang more and more prosperous, where has been originally the collection and distribution center of goods for the four Provinces of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan, large quantities of products with local characteristics have been transported to various places with the aid of the already-formed mechanism of industrial market and the transportation network radiating in all directions. At the same time, the powerful financial guarantee and the comparatively large consumption market have formed basically the position of a regional exchange center of products.

Anyang has a good transportation with Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, National Highways of No. 106 and 107, Anyang-Linzhou Railway and a branch of Tangyin-Puyang Railway running through the city. The ecological environment of Anyang is good, the rate of greenery patches of the city proper has reached the set standard. The 10km long afforesting scenery zone along the Huanhe River has become a beautiful landscape in the city proper. Anyang has rich underground water resources and abundant power supply, and the infrastructures of natural gas, sewage disposal, postal service, communications and so on are in the lead in Henan Province.

The investment environment of Anyang is good, its infrastructures are complete, the promises and credit of the service-type government have found more and more favors in the eyes of trades people at home and abroad. Anyang has become a hot spot of investment in the areas of the Central Plains. A lot of people with breadth of vision have invested to run factories and initiate enterprises here, which have been developed rapidly.

In order to attract more merchants of investment, to perfect urban service functions to the utmost limits and offer good work and service setups for the civilians, Anyang has established successively the Administrative Convenience Service Center, the Labor Service and Guarantee Center, the Center of Financial Settlement on Account, the Center of Inviting and Submitting Tenders, the Efficacy Supervision Center, the Mayor’s Convenience Open Telephone, Telephone of Consulting the Municipal Conditions and other service setups.

Situated at the southeast of the city proper, Anyang High-tech Industrial Development Zone is a window of Anyang to open to the outside world, a garden of high and new sciences and technology, a base of reform and blazing new trails and a modern and new city proper. In the process of inviting outside investment and developing themselves, they are brave to catch up with and surpass the advanced sciences and technology in the country and link up with the international advanced management patterns, having formed a quality goods demonstration district of development at a high level and in new spheres……

IV The Investment Environment Introdution

One.、External environment
Anyang City belongs to Continental Temperate Zone climate with clear four seasons
( 1 ) Temperature
Annual average temperature: 13.5℃
Annual precipitation 541.5mm
Annual daylight time 2030. 6 hrs
Average frost-free period 201 days
Average temperature in history in hottest month (July) 27℃
Average temperature in history in coldest month (January) -2℃

Average temperature in history of Anyang City

winter spring summer Autumn
0.1℃ 14.7℃ 26.1℃ 14.2℃

(2) Calculated outdoor relevant humidity
Ventilation in summer 49%
Air conditioning in winter 61%
Average in the hottest month 78%
(3) Max. depth of the frozen soil 40 cm
(4) Max precipitation 256.2 mm/H
(5) Max. snow deposition thickness 160mm
(6) Leading wind direction:
Annual leading wind direction and frequency:
South wind: 14%, North wind: 13%, Silence: 25%.
Leading wind direction in summer and frequency:
South wind: 13%, North wind: 12%, Silence: 25%.
(7) Earthquake intensity: 7-8 degree
(8) Hydrographic conditions
The river in Anyang city belong to Yellow River system and Weihe water system in Haihe Rasin Basin. The total volume of water resource is 1.71 billion cu.m. There is also 1.082 billion cu.m. of water which passes through Anyang City. The water resources are mainly composed of surface water and underground water .The average surface water storage is 867 million cu.m. and that of underground water is 843 million cu.mm.

Water quality of the surface water of Anyang
Unit: mg/l
Suspending matter 78 Kalii permangana 34.16
Chemical oxygen demand 179.2 Biological oxygen demand 47.58
Non-ionic ammonia 0.15 Nitrite nitrogen 0.339
Volatile phenol 0.046 Chloridate 0.004
Arsenic 0.004 Chlorine 0.0001
Hexavalent chromium 0.062 Lead 0.015
Cadmium 0.0006 petroleum 8.78

Water quality of the underground water of Anyang
Unit: mg/l
Total hardness 366 Ammonia nitrogen 0.054
Nitrite nitrogen 2.60 Volatile phenol 0.001
Cyanide 0.003 Chloridate 64.79
Flouride 0.32 Arsenic 0.004
mercury 0.00010 Hexavalent chromium 0.008
Ph value 7.26

(9) Soil
Organic matter 2.160%
Total nitrogen 0.129%
Quick acting N 106 ppm
Quick acting P 19.2 ppm
Quick acting K 173 ppm
Quick acting Zn 2.22 ppm
Quick acting B 0.75 ppm
Quick acting Mn 10.94 ppm
Quick acting Fe 7.44 ppm
Quick acting Cu 2.01 ppm

(10) Others
Anyang has rich underground resources to be explored. According to the survey, there are 74 spots with 23 kinds of mineral deposits, including iron ore, metal magnesium, limestone, quartz, sandstone, marble, dolomite, potash stone etc. The explored storage of coal is 610 million tons with 340 million tons of recoverable deposits. The explored storage of iron ore is 54 million tons with 22. 84 million tons of recover able deposits. There are 8 large and medium sized reservoirs and 113 small sized reservoirs with total 436.067 million cu.m. of water storage. The city is also rich in underground water.

Two., The respect of culture
In the respect of culture of the city, there are: 14 performance troops, 16 cultural centers, 7 public libraries with 2, 510, 000 volumes of books, 5 museums, one broad- casting station which covers 100% of the population, 4 TV broadcasting stations and 16 relaying stations covering 100% of population. In the respect of public health of the city, there are 170 public health organizations, 121 hospitals with 8960 beds for patients and 11500 special technicians including 6054 doctors. In the respect of sports of the city, there are 957 playgrounds for sport activities, which provide good conditions for national sport program.
Three., The level of economic development
In 2002, the GDP of the city was 33.1 billion yuan with 1.45 billion yuan of financial income. The balance of deposit in finance institutions was 38.54 billion yuan and the balance of loan was 26.16 billion yuan. The annual social consuming goods retailing amount was 9.9 billion yuan. The annual social fixed asset investment was 7.6 billion yuan. The controllable average income of residents was 6467 yuan. The average pure income of farmers was 2313 yuan. The practical foreign investment was 60.66 million USD and the export volume was 155 million USD.

Four.、Communication and transportation conditions
Anyang enjoys convenient transportation conditions. Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, No.107 National Highway and Beijing-Guangzhou Railway all pass through the city.
The Development Zone (Hereinafter referred as AHDZ) is close to the urban district and the circle highway around the city. Anyang City takes the role of a good mother city.
AHDZ is connected with No.107 National Highway in its west and Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway in its east. Beijing International Airport is 500 km away in its north and Zhengzhou International Airport is 200 km. away in its south. In its east, you'll turn onto No 310 National Highway and come to Lianyungang Port 500 km. away (Lianyungang Port may be used throughout 4 weathers in the year with 30 million tons of handling capacity a year, and ship of 5,000-7,000 ton may be allowed. Along the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway via Baoding and along the Baoding-Tianjin Expressway, you may reach Tianjin Port within 7 hours. (Tianjin Port is the biggest container terminal in Northern China, consisting 140 berths, with the 68 million ton of handing capacity a year, and ships of 100,000 tons may be allowed). 11 highways of provincial level pass through the center of the city proper and connect 12 cities in a radius of 180 kin.
Anyang Railway Station is one of the important stations on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. On the railway, you'll come to Beijing in 4 hrs and 50 mins, to Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, in 1 hr and 48 rains, and to Guangzhou in 20 hours. There are 35 pairs of trains which stop at the station. The communication conditions are convenient.
Five.、The present conditions of the development zone and regional plan
AHDZ was built in August 1992 and was approved as the hi-tech development zone at provincial level by the provincial government in March 1995 , enjoying all kinds of favored policies. The total planed area is 24 sq. km. and now 5.62 sq. km has been developed. The infrastructure is now ready to be used. All these things provide excellent investment environment. AHDZ has sold 1090. 5 mu of land, consisting 397.5 mu for industry, 692. 5 mu for other uses; the total constructing area is 936,000 sqm, in which 701,000 sqm has been completed; 109 projects have been completed. And the investment is 2,345 million yuan, including 48 industrial projects whose total investment is 1,477 million yuan.
Six., Peripheral facilities to serve the investment enterprises
(1) Land and supporting facilities
The construction land provided by AHDZ for the enterprise contents: ground leveling off, road connected to the border of the land, water pipe and sewer connected to the border of the planed of the planed land, power supply to the red line of the land and main sewage pipe connected to the border of the line of the land.
(2) Supply capacity of water, power and steam
Projects Supply capacity
Tap water 20000 ton/day
Power 8000 KVA
Natural gas 250 mm in
Diameter Standard workshop 6000 sq.m
Office building 3000 sq.m

Seven., Analysis for superiority
(1) Analysis for superiority in location and district
A、Anyang lies in the Central China. The developed Eastern China from Tianjin to HangZhou is in the east of Anyang, and the developing Western China from Baotou to Chengdu to the west. So Anyang is not only the joint point of Western China and Eastern China, but also the joint point of Northern China and Southern China. It lies in the central part of the communication network which includes the trunk railway from Harbin to Guangzhou via Beijing, and the expressway from the Northeast to the Southern China. With the peculiar advantages, Anyang is entitled with strong radiation function in the strategy of the central government' s efforts to speed up the development of 'the middle and west regions of China, and the foreign investment is increasing; also the capital from the enterprises of the eastern coastal areas are expanding in Anyang. Anyang High and New Technology Industry Development Zone is on the crossing point of Shanxi Province, Hebei Province, Shandong Province and Henan Province. It is in the middle of the east and west part of China. During the process of the central government' s efforts to speed up the development of the middle and west regions of China, the foreign investment is enhancing its strength in this area and the eastern coastal enterprises are expanding and moving to this area. As the best undertaking and joining point, Anyang is entitled with strong radiation function.
B、Anyang also at the core position in the Central China Economic Cooperation District (please see the charts at the final cover), which includes 12 cities (Jincheng, Changzhi in Shanxi Province, Handan, Xingtai in Hebei Province, Linqing, Liaocheng, Heze in Shandong Province, Xinxiang, Puyang, Jiaozuo, Hebi in Henan Province), 28 prefectures, 90 counties, 9, 700 square km of area and 60 million of population among which 7.3 million are urban population, the same as France, G. B, or Italy. Anyang is close to the capital cities of the four surrounding provinces, (350 km from Taiyuan, 290 km from Shijiazhuang, 300km form Jinan, 180 km from Zhengzhou) These four provinces have 250 million of people, which means giant market development potential.
(2) Analysis for superiority of industries
Anyang is prosperous in industry, with 30,000 industrial enterprises of more than 600 enterprises produces 5 million yuan at least per year, and the fixed asset amounts to 17.6 billion yuan, the total industrial products amounts to 28.3 billion yuan per year, of which the light industry products amount 10 billion yuan , and the heavy industrial products amount to 18.3 billion yuan,. In the total 41 trades of china, Anyang owns 36 trades. Since 1949, Anyang set up a complete and enormous industry system with its own regional characteristics, including metallurgy, machinery, electronics, textile, light industry, chemistry, medicine, building material, power, coal mining and food stuffs. They have certain influence in china, what' s more, Anyang is rich in natural resources, esp. in coal, natural gas, and oil. There is plenty of coal on its west--Shanxi coal field and plenty of oil on its east-the Zhongyuan oil field. The proven coal deposits are 4. 5 thousand billion ton, and the proven gas deposits are 39.57 billion m3. The south and north parts of Anyang are the main production filed of grain, cotton and agricultural oil, and Hua county is a very famous base for grain in China. Abundant industrial basement, complete industrial system, enormous natural resources, they all make Anyang a competitive city for the development of industry.
Eight.、Analysis for opportunities
(1) the opportunities from enlarging domestic market
Since the Reformation and open, the coastal area of China benefit a lot form the export type economy and has had an enormous development, while the inland area developed slowly. In order to make the national economy grow quickly and healthily, the central government take positive financial policy, pushing the process of urbanization, raise the quality domestic demands, and pushing the increase of domestic demands. All of these give great chances for the development of the economy of the middle and western areas of china.
At present, Anyang and its neighbor areas are in the low ratio of urbanization, that is 18% , which is lower than the average rate of 30.4% in china, and which is lower than 46% in the world, too. According to the state plane of urbanization, the population in urban will reach 260 million in the 2020, which needs an increase of 0.8% of urban population every year. So, the area of 180 sq km around Anyang, will increase the population of 460,000 per year during the process of urbanization, the demands for durable goods, residential construction and consuming will develop quickly, and the market will be widened enormously. As a consequence, the demands for durable goods, goods for life, constructing materials, education and insurance will last for a long and prosperous period. There is a complete industry system in Anyang whose industry foundation is very strong. Besides this, Anyang is rich in food production, constructing materials and natural resources (the proven capacity for marble, quartz, granite is enormous). Under the push of necessary domestic demands, all of the advantages of Anyang will speed up the development of economy, and a bright prospect is provided for every investor.
(2)The opportunities from the adjustment of industrial structure
The industries of Anyang are not that developed. Under the condition of market economy, a lot of enterprises are eager to adjust their industrial structure and product structure were put forward. So, the central government declares a serial of policies in order to encourage foreign investors to take part in the reformation of state-owned enterprises. Meanwhile, the Central Government takes Anyang as a testing city for optimization of economic structure. Deliberately, the central government wants Anyang to be the leading city whose economy should grow at the fastest speed and which can get more foreign investment than other cities. All of these advantages give a good chance to foreign investors who have the fights of purchase of shares in enterprises, holding shares, entering into partnership, cooperate, purchasing. What's more, Anyang has a complete industry system, which provides a guarantee for extension and specialization of the development of the enterprises with foreign investment. At present, in the adjustment of industrial structure of the coastal areas of China, Anyang is the developing city with the best prospect for a lot of projects which are not fit for the coastal area will move to the middle and western part of china.
(3)、The opportunities from the development of the middle and western part of China.
With the implementation of the strategy of development of the middle and western part of China, the core of national economy will shift from the southeast to northwest. It is a good chance for the development of Anyang. As predicted, the middle part of china will be the 4th highly increasing economic zone, in 15 years, after the delta of Zhujiang River, the delta of Changjiang River and the economic zone around Boocean. In the situation of development of the middle and western part of china, AHDZ will be the interim region of the transition of economic core from the eastern developed part of china to the western developed part. Also, AHDZ is the direct area of receiving ultra capital and industries from the east. To grasp this good chance, the relative departments of Anyang have taken part in the development. At present, Henan-Guangdong cooperation, Henan-Shanghai cooperation have been set up.
(4) The opportunity from entering WTO
With entering WTO, the opening degree of all trades will be enlarged, and the range for foreign investment will be enlarged, and the permission area for foreign investment will be enlarged, too. In order to follow the rules of WTO, China will complete its legal system. The governmental system and the relationship between government and enterprises will be optimized so as to suit the market economic rues and internal practice. Trade barriers will deleted, too. All of these measures will optimize environment for investment, and will enhance the foreign investors' confidence. More opportunities are provided for you in Anyang!
Agriculture is very important in China. At present, the best way out is to work on agricultural products deeply. Anyang is a traditional agriculture production area, whose natural environments, such as light, temperature, water, fertile soil, are fit for crops to grow. Anyang is the main agriculture production area in China, and has enormous ca pacity for agriculture production. (Please see charts of the development degree of agriculture in Anyang).
Anyang has certain economic and technological basement of the deep processing of agricultural products, and it has an enormous scale of crops, cotton, edible vegetable oil, fruits, vegetable, edible bacterium, agriculture.
Anyang and its neighbor areas have a large amount of employees, whose salsries are not that high. After entering WTO, the competitive ability of agricultural products will rise to a high degree since agricultural is the labor-intensive trade. At that time, with the import of advanced foreign agricultural technologies of processing agricultural products, there will be an unprecedented chance for the development of agriculture.